After Qasir Shirin and Sykes-Picot, Kurdistan faces the danger of division anew

 The Iraqi army had begun building a concrete barrier between the district of Shingal and northern and eastern Syria, with the orders of Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kazemi.

 The wall will extend on the Syrian-Iraqi border with a length of 250 km and a height of about 4 meters, and will be equipped with watchtowers that include thermal cameras, as well as devices to monitor movement on the border.

 Reactions continued to condemn the isolation of the Shingal region from the Rojava regions;  Through the construction of a separation wall by the Iraqi army, in a move that the Kurds see as attempts to consolidate and revive the Shirin Palace agreements in the sixteenth century and Sykes-Picot in the twentieth century that divided Kurdistan.

 The Shirin Palace Agreement...dividing of Kurdistan for the First Time

 The famous battle of "Caldiran" that took place in the Kurdistan lands between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on August 23, 1514, was the first war through which the Ottoman Empire expanded towards the east, before it occupied the Levant following the Battle of Marj Dabiq 1516 in which the Mamluks lost to the Ottomans.

 The Kurds had a number of independent emirates;  as the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire exploited the Kurds at the time under the cloak of religion, turning them into a spearhead in those wars.

 The Battle of Chaldiran opened the doors to a Safavid-Ottoman conflict and a war that lasted about 125 years in the Kurdistan arena. In the end, the two sides reached the Qasir Shirin agreement on May 17, 1639 near Kermanshah in Eastern Kurdistan, which established the occupation of the Kurdistan lands by the Safavids and Ottomans.

 The war ended and Kurdistan was divided for the first time, and the borders between the two states that have remained until today were drawn, as well as the annexation of the neighboring regions of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers to the Ottoman occupation, and the granting the Armeni's Yerevan to the Safavids at the time.

 Sykes-Picot Agreement

 Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire during World War I (1914-1918) and its transformation into a weak power, Britain and France, along with Tsarist Russia, reached consens to divide the areas under Ottoman control into areas governed directly by France and Britain, in addition to  formation of mandate areas that return in their decisions to the French and British states.

 Without any studies and according to the occupier mentality that is thousands of miles away from Kurdistan and the region, France and Britain drew the lines of the military generals George Picot of France and Mark Sykes of Britain;  Map of control in the area.

 As the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Kurdistan were divided into areas of French and British influence under the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 under the auspices of Tsarist Russia, which in turn occupied lands in northern Kurdistan, adjacent to present-day Armenia.

 The agreement remained secret and undeclared until the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and the communists came to power in 1917, to reveal the agreement whose terms had not yet been implemented at that time, as the announcement of it angered Arab circles, and negotiations with Britain and France led to the formation of Arab countries such as Syria, Iraq and the Republic.  Turkey after the Treaty of Lausanne 1923.

 Where Kurdistan was included in the countries that were made under the Sykes-Picot Agreement, namely Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, which dashed the hopes of the Kurds of self-determination.

 Attempts to consolidate the division of Kurdistan

 As soon as the July 19 revolution began in Rojava, the war run by the Turkish occupation state and the occupying regimes of Kurdistan began with it, to end the revolution and the democratic project that is welcomed by the peoples of the world.

 The attempts of the Turkish occupation state to end the revolution, by moving its terrorist mercenary groups to occupy Şengal, Kobani and other Kurdish areas, have not succeeded, nor even direct Turkish intervention, which led to the occupation of Afrin canton and the areas of Serêkaniyê and Girê Spî.

 In coordination with the regional powers, Ankara has started a series of measures against the Kurdish regions, especially Rojava, and the Medya's legitimate defense areas, the most important of which is the construction of artificial borders between parts of Kurdistan and the consolidation of its division.

 Kurdistan is now facing an artificial border with the separation wall with a total length of 1,456 km in three border regions.

 Separation wall between Rojava and Bakur Kurdistan

 In order to impose a stifling siege on the revolution in Rojava, in addition to the military and private war practiced by the Turkish occupation state, the Turkish occupation state began constructing a border wall between Rojava and Bakur Kurdistan, starting in the summer of 2016.

 Where it completed the construction process in the spring of 2017, on an extended distance of 911 kilometers on the border between north and east Syria and northern Kurdistan.

 In addition to the areas occupied by Turkey in Afrin and areas north of Aleppo, and the areas of Serêkaniyê / Ras al-Ain and Gire Spi / Tal Abyad, about 95 villages in northeastern Syria, according to the Human Rights Organization in the al-Jazera lost part of their agricultural lands, estimated at 27,033 dunums as a result  Building a wall.

 The process of building a wall separating north Kurdistan from its west, where 4 citizens lost their lives as a result of clashes with the Turkish occupation.

 Separation wall between Roj Helat and Bakur Kurdistan

 In July 2021, the Turkish occupation state ended the construction of a 295-kilometer border wall between northern and eastern Kurdistan.

 Turkey used concrete blocks with a width of 2 meters and a height of 3 meters and the installation of barbed wire over them.  ".

 Despite the announcement by the Turkish occupying state that the construction of the separation wall came to prevent Afghan immigrants from crossing into Turkey, they are false pretexts that have nothing to do with reality, as the construction of the wall comes within a pre-agreed plan between the regional powers to restrict the movements of PKK fighters.

 The Shingal wall isolates it and continues to consolidate the division of Kurdistan

 After the withdrawal of the Iraqi army and the Kurdistan Democratic Forces, despite the large arsenal of weapons they possess, from Shingal in the summer of 2014 in front of the advance of ISIS mercenaries who kidnapped and killed thousands of Yazidi Kurds at the time, the Guerilla fighters, the People’s Protection Units and the Women saved hundreds of thousands of Kurds from the jaws of the brutal massacres on  the hand of ISIS mercenaries.

 After the liberation of the Shingal from ISIS mercenaries at the hands of its sons and the formation of the Shingal protection units and the consolidation of the concept of self-management, the Turkish occupation state, which considers the entire region part of Turkey, and that the Autonomous Administration in Shingal is a threat to its project.

 In agreement with the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Turkish occupation state, the Iraqi government, under the orders of Mustafa Al-Kazemi, the Iraqi Prime Minister, began constructing the border wall between Rojava and Başûr Kurdistan, along the Iraqi-Syrian border, with a length of 250 km, in a move to separate the Autonomous Administration in Şengal from the Autonomous Administration areas in Rojava.  In the context of the attacks on the Kurdish revolution in Rojava and all of Kurdistan.

 The federal government in Baghdad and the Kurdistan Democratic Party signed an agreement on the ninth of October 2020 on the administration of the Shingal district, after years of leaving the people of the region unprotected at the mercy of ISIS mercenaries who displaced, killed and kidnapped thousands in 2014, in return the people of Shingal rejected this agreement and announced  stick to their own self-management.

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 ANHA