Ghayath Na’issa: purpose of the modified "Adana Agreement" is to destabilize AANES

Following the end of the Sochi meeting between Russian President Vladimir Putin and his counterpart in the Turkish occupying state, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, on August 5, the Turkish occupation intensified its attacks on North and East Syria, through missiles, rocket and artillery shelling, causing martyrdom and injury to dozens of citizens, including fighters and SDF leaders.

The Turkish occupying state launched threats of wider attacks in early June, targeting North and East Syria.

The events in North and East Syria following the two meetings confirm new agreements and strategies that allow Turkey to expand its drone strikes against the region.

In a special statement to ANHA’s agency, the Syrian opponent and the General Coordinator of the Syrian Revolutionary Left Movement, PH.D. Ghayath Na'issa, said: "In the current international situation raging with the conflict between Russia and its allies, on the one hand, and the United States and its allies, on the other hand, both seek to win the affection of Turkey as a large regional state with its prominent position in. This requires both conflicting parties to make some concessions to Turkey. "

He added: "But Russia and the United States do not want Turkey to conduct a large ground military operation in Syria, the reason for which is that such a broad Turkish aggression could confuse the strategy of managing the conflict between Russia and America, especially since both are militarily present on Syrian soil."

War between Wars

Ghayath Na'issa stated, "Hence the recent Sochi Russian-Turkish Summit, to demonstrate a consensus based on the prevention of a broad operation, but with a green light to expand the war between wars, the war of Turkish UAVs and the ongoing bombardment here and there. This Russian approval is also an American green light, and it agrees to allow this war between the Turkish wars, as evidenced by the fact that American forces dropped a number of UAVs that fired at factions of their own so-called “Revolution Commandos Army” in the Tanf region. while its forces in north-eastern Syria allow Turkish UAVs kill civilians as it want.”

Na 'issa pointed out that "this is a situation of danger that needs to be confronted, on the principle that if you do not protect us, we will not protect you, and most importantly, we have the appropriate weapons to confront such types of weapons. It also requires political manoeuvres to make certain local and international actors realize that they have a stake in the face of this ongoing Turkish aggression against the Syrian people and territories. The current situation makes clear that the only military force defending Syrian territory and its borders is the SDF, while the regime turn a blind an eye on Turkish and Israeli aggressions ". "Who," he asked, "is the true defender on Syrian soil, sovereignty of its people? It is first the SDF.”

Economic and political agreements

The meeting between the Russian President and his Turkish counterpart, held in Sochi, Russia, on 6 August, focused on the Syrian file and Turkey's threats of a large-scale attack on North and East Syria, as well as Ukraine's file and ways to strengthen economic relations.

According to the statement, the two sides agreed to "increase the volume of trade between the two countries on the basis of balance and achievement of specific objectives, seek to respond to the other party's expectations in the area of economy and energy, and take concrete steps with a view to intensifying cooperation on issues that have long been on the agenda of the two countries in different sectors such as transport, trade, industry, agriculture, the financial sector, tourism and construction at the economic level.”

Both States need each other's help on the economic front, as Turkey is Russia's only outlet amid the widespread Western sanctions recently imposed following its military move in Ukraine, and Turkey needs Russian investment in the context of its stifling economic crisis.

As for the Ukrainian file, Turkey seeks to remain neutral towards Moscow on the issue of Ukraine, even though it is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Russia's military movement in Ukraine has restored the image Turkey wants of itself as a geopolitical actor.

On 22 July last, Moscow and Kyiv signed a United Nations-supported agreement in Istanbul allowing Ukraine to reopen its Black Sea ports for the export of grain.

The agreement is to last for 120 days, with the establishment of a coordination and monitoring centre in Istanbul, staffed by United Nations, Turkish, Russian and Ukrainian officials. The agreement could be renewed with the parties' consent.

Turkey now wants to try to open negotiations in Istanbul if possible, for a truce between Russian Presidents Vladimir Putin and Ukraine's Volodymyr Zelenskiy, as Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu said after a meeting with his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov in Asia "we discussed (let's see) whether the grain agreement could be an opportunity for a permanent ceasefire."

"Adana" and Russian-Turkish bargains

With regard to the Syrian file, Russian efforts to revive and expand the Adana Agreement between the Government of Damascus and the Turkish occupation in 1998, aimed at striking the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria AANES and pushing it to surrender to the Government of Damascus, have been overshadowed in the political sphere.

The President of the occupying state, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, revealed that his counterpart, Vladimir Putin, offered him during the Sochi talks a "solution" to the crisis, in cooperation with the Government of Damascus.

In statements to a group of journalists who accompanied him during his return from Sochi, Erdogan said that Putin told him that a solution to the Syrian crisis would be better in cooperation with the Damascus Government, and that he responded that Turkey's intelligence service was already dealing with these issues with Syrian intelligence.”

According to the Middle East newspaper, one of the points of the Sochi talks focused on the establishment of a series of high-level security meetings bringing together officials of the Damascus Government and their counterparts from the Turkish occupation in Moscow, which had taken place over the past days, as well as Turkey's permission for a limited military operation in the Tell Rifaat area, and the development of an agreement "Adana" at the negotiating table, and work towards signing the Adana II agreement, ensuring future political cooperation.

On 20 October 1998, a Turkish diktat agreement was signed between Ankara and Damascus called the "Adana Agreement", following the Turkish occupying state's build-up of troops along the border strip between it and Syria, and the latter's threat of aggression.

The main provisions of the Adana Agreement included the removal of leader Ocalan from Syria in a move that would strike Kurds and the Kurdistan Freedom Movement, and also allow Turkey to enter Syrian territory at a depth of 5 km to eliminate any Kurdish activity, in a move exploited by Turkey to occupy Syrian territory that appeared to be strongly apparent after the outbreak of the Syrian crisis.

PH.D. Ghayath Na'issa commented: "Attempts to revive and expand the Adana Agreement, as well as the economic temptations of Russia for Turkey in a chronic economic crisis, and Putin's call for Erdogan for dialogue with the Syrian regime. All these details come within the framework of regulating differences between the parties in Syria and strengthening their international cooperation, especially since the war in Ukraine has given Turkey a remarkable role, as a necessary and useful mediator needed by both Russia and America. So it is a deal through which Russia tries to offer what might satisfy Erdogan's regime in Syria and economically, in exchange for a non-hostile or neutral position from Turkey. "

"In return, Turkey needs Russia to help it out of its political and economic crisis, especially as Erdogan's regime suffers from a crisis of confidence in the United States and the West in general, especially after the 2016 failed coup attempt. these bargaining may have an impact on the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria project.”

Political and military strategy must be developed

The Syrian opponent and the General Coordinator of the Syrian Revolutionary Left Movement, PH.D. Ghayath Na 'issa, stressed the need to develop a strategy to overcome the multiple and prolonged risks against the region. He said: "It is a strategy that requires ingenious and intelligent political manoeuvres to survive of the greediness of the international, regional and local. It also requires policies of popular and political mobilization in AANES’ areas, as well as military readiness for popular resistance so that neither Turkey nor other aggressors can prevail."

T/S

ANHA