​​​​​​​Modified Adana... Russian-Turkish interests at the expense of the peoples of the region

There has been much talk of Russia and the Turkish occupying state seeking to amend the so-called "Adana Agreement" - concluded between the Government of Damascus and the latter in 1998 - especially after the Sochi meeting between the two presidents of State on 5 August, when Turkish statements emerged that Russia wanted to normalize relations between Damascus and Ankara.

The president of the occupying state, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, revealed that his counterpart, Vladimir Putin, had offered him during the Sochi talks to resolve the crisis, in cooperation with the Government of Damascus.

Observers consider these statement as a step towards amending the so-called "Adana Agreement" between the Turkish and Syrian sides.

On 20 October 1998, Turkey and Syria signed a convention called the "Adana Convention", which was not registered in accordance with international protocols or the United Nations. Nor has it been submitted to the People's Assembly of the Government of Damascus for approval, as the Syrian Constitution stipulates that any agreement must first be submitted and finally approved by the People's Assembly.

The main objective of the Adana Convention was to eliminate the Kurdish people and their struggle, the Kurdistan Freedom Movement and leader Ocalan, who was fighting against the Turkish occupying state.

The agreement is illegal

In his assessment of the Convention, Kurd Sans Frontières, head Kadar Berry said, in a special statement to ANHA’s agency: "With regard to the legality of this agreement, which was called the security basis of 20 October 1998, the agreement is illegal because it was simply not submitted as a draft of the Syrian People's Assembly for agreement or signature, Even it was formalistic at the time in Syria, yet even though the People's Assembly was formal but this agreement was not yet submitted for approval in the Council, It is therefore a security agreement between the two security agencies and not an agreement between two States. under which Syria's regime acquiesced to that of Hafez al-Assad, who at the time was only thinking about how to inherit rule for his son, Bashar al-Assad, concessions had been specifically provided in favour of the West and NATO through Turkey.”

In this context, he continued: "Another important point in this agreement and its illegality is that it was the Turkish state that did not abide by the security agreement, because of course there was an expansion of the agreement in 2010. There were other secret annexes that were more than four or five of the provisions of the agreement as a whole to fight the Kurdish liberation movement and not to obtain their rights."

"In 2010, specifically 21 January, there was an expansion of the agreement, which was extended for three years, to affirm that there will be no hostilities or facilitation of organizations that offend the security of the other country. This applies to the parties, but what Turkey has done thereafter refutes all this agreement, which it has not adhered to and which has facilitated the transit of all terrorists into Syria. Since then, the agreement has been totally cancelled. "

Perry also believes that the agreement, from a political point of view, "was a shadow of Syria, as Assad the father only thought of bequeathing his son the rule. Among the terms of the agreement or the third annex, which was considered a secret annex in the past, there is an essential clause in it and says that no party has the right to demand with lands within the borders of the other state, i.e., settling the borders as the situation is, meaning the complete surrender of the Sanjak of Alexandretta to the Turkish state.

Adana aims to hit Kurd

He also addressed the objectives of the Turkish occupying state of the so-called "The Adana Convention", he said, "With all the flaws and evident humiliation of this Agreement, there are also things that must be highlighted in the Agreement, Annex IV speaks of the need to fight the Kurdistan Worker’s Party PKK or the Kurdistan Freedom Movement in all its aspects because they talk about the PKK and its annexes. As we know, Turkey has begun to use this syndrome when demanding the Kurds' rights by labelling terrorism, this point must be well highlighted, especially since within the agreement signed between the parties or this secret security annex, which was about the possibility of entering 5 km deep into Syrian territory, there is another clause saying if the Syrian State does not abide by its provisions. "

"and what we know since 1998, Turkey has begun to fight the Kurdistan freedom movement. And it started arresting his leaders and his elements and fighting everything that was Kurdish person in Syria and we found what happened with leader Ocalan, So Syria was committed to the agreement and Turkey was not allowed to enter deep into Syrian territory. and Turkish security has not been subjected to any violations by the Syrian side. All this agreement has been based on error and has expired since the time of its establishment. "

The Adana Agreement, signed in 1998, contained 4 annexes, the first containing the names of the States that sponsored the agreement under American custody (Egypt and Iran), which were signed by the Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Turkish state Ugur Ziyal and General Adnan Badr al-Hussein on behalf of Syria. Annex II included the removal of leader Ocalan from Syria, and the third included the end of the two countries' border disputes. According to which Damascus waived Syria's right to claim the the Sanjak of Alexandretta occupied by Turkey and formally annexed to its political borders in 1939; The Alexandretta was therefore removed from the Syrian map in 2004.

Annex IV, on which several amendments have been made over the past years, includes allowing the Turkish army to penetrate into Syrian territory 5 kilometres deep, and Turkey is now invoking this security agreement to expand its occupation.

Turkey's occupation did not abide by the provisions of the Convention by bringing terrorists into Syria

Moreover, Berry pointed out that "there is a basic clause in Annex IV that speaks of the principle of reciprocity and under reciprocity Syria will not allow any activities that pose a threat to Turkish national security here. Turkey has brought terrorists into Syria, occupying territory and destabilizing Syria. The one who has not committed is the Turkish side. This is also an important point for the political reader to say that the agreements are essentially cancelled. "

"Turkey wants to impose a new reality or exploit international conditions in order to strike not only the movement of the freedom of Kurdistan but all those who demand freedom and to live or implement the conditions or clauses of the Syrian Revolution, primarily to demand freedom, justice and dignity."

As for the Russian position on this agreement, Berry said, "The Russian position on the former Adana Agreement and the current position at that time Russia did not intervene as an intermediary was Egypt and Iran was also to implement this agreement or reach this security agreement between the parties. But in the current situation Russia wants to make Turkey a peripheral. That's what happened. Turkey wants outside NATO and to take advantage of Turkey's geopolitical position. and also wants to be on their side to clean up their NATO borders.”

"This latest conflict in Ukraine is part of this issue for Russian national security, so Russia is looking for its interests and it is not interested in the interest of the Syrian people, not even the Syrian State. What happens now and what they want to obtain from the expansion or revival of this agreement, because this agreement was born dead from the foundation, the revival of this agreement is in the interest of Turkey or to satisfy Turkey in Syria to strike Kurds and exploit the Turkish position in other regions as we found earlier in Libya and in Karabakh and today on the subject of Ukraine. The issue of weapons that Turkey supplies to Ukraine means many security, military and economic agreements between Russia and Turkey. "

Confirmation of the abolition of the Convention and dialogue between the Government of Damascus and the Autonomous Administration

Berry noted that it is in the interest of the Syrian people in general and of the peoples living in North and East Syria to abolish this agreement, calling for "a constructive and serious dialogue by the Government in Damascus with AANES to unite force and strike terrorists to eliminate them and the liberation the rest of Syrian territory from terrorists and Turkish occupation, which poses the greatest danger to Syrians."

"There must be solutions to internal issues. Turkey has many internal problems, the most important of which is the Kurdish issue. Its internal resolution is more important than interfering in the Syrian situation and imposing its policies in the Syrian situation. As for Russia, it is better to heed the internal problems, wars, internal crises and the individual dictatorial rule of Putin. They must pay attention to their internal situation, which is preferable for them to intervene and impose unjust and humiliating conditions against Syria and the Syrians ".

Normalization is inevitable.

As to whether Turkey would abandon mercenaries in exchange for normalizing its relations with the Government of Damascus, Kurd Sans Frontières President Kadar Perry sees "Turkey will indeed abandon mercenaries in order to establish its relations with the Assad regime, but the fact is that it has not abandoned them, but they have become Turks that serve the interests of the Turkish state and Turkish politicians."

"There are those who claim to be surprised by the Turkish statements and I think that's not true. There is nothing surprising about Turkey's recent statements, because simply for more than 4 years and Turkey's positions with the Damascus Government are identical, they all agree on how to eliminate the AANES. and the elimination of the SDF, this tacit agreement between the two parties at the time Turkey sold everything. "

It is believed that reconciliation between Turkey and the Damascus Government has become inevitable, adding "The remaining mercenaries must be aware of this in order to be able to escape from the clutches of the Turkish State, or anyone who thinks he was deluded, there is only door for them to function properly, namely to resort to and join the SDF in order to preserve some of their country's dignity and that of Syria."

T/S

ANHA